Віддалені наслідки бронхолегеневої дисплазії у недоношених немовлят
Abstract
Бронхолегенева дисплазія (БЛД) залишається важливою причиною захворюваності і смертності глибоко недоношених немовлят, істотно впливаючи на кінцеві результати їх виходжування. Це захворювання асоціюється з підвищеною захворюваністю і порушеннями розвитку не лише у ранньому дитинстві, але й у шкільному віці, що позначається на якості життя хворих дітей, їхніх сімей і суспільства. Незважаючи на сучасні досягнення перинатології, частота БЛД у розвинених країнах протягом останніх десятирічь зростає. Упродовж останніх 40 років істотно змінились визначення, патогенез, патофізіологія, клінічний перебіг, діагностичні критерії, а також підходи до профілактики і лікування цього захворювання. Водночас відомі лише декілька безпечних та ефективних утручань, які можуть запобігти розвитку або ефективно лікувати БЛД. На сьогодні існують свідчення того, що у дорослих з БЛД в анамнезі функція легенів не лише не досягає свого вікового максимуму, але й швидше погіршується, визначаючи вищий ризик розвитку хронічної обструктивної хвороби легень або навіть смерті. Саме тому профілактика БЛД є одним із безперечних пріоритетів у сфері охорони здоров'я, що стає все більш актуальним у зв'язку з важливою потенційною роллю цього захворювання у патогенезі хронічної обструктивної хвороби легень.References
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