A case of bullous pemphigoid in a 4-month-old child
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2026.1(153).175179Keywords:
children, rash, bullous pemphigoid, autoimmune diseasesAbstract
Bullous pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune disease. The estimated incidence among children is approximately 0.2-0.5 cases per million per year. The disease is characterized by the formation of tense blisters filled with serous fluid, often accompanied by intense pruritus. The clinical course and localization of eruptions in infants and older children differ; however, a common feature is the involvement of the palms and soles in both age groups. The etiology remains unclear to date, but data suggest that such an atypical immune response may be triggered by non-specific maternal antibodies or foreign antigens. The cornerstone of treatment is the use of systemic corticosteroids with a gradual dose reduction.
Aim - to describe a clinical case of bullous pemphigoid with an emphasis on the diagnostic algorithm and treatment strategy.
Clinical case. A four-month-old patient was hospitalized with a rash characterized by multiple bullae on the palms, soles, and fingers, along with numerous papular elements on the trunk. Against the background of systemic corticosteroid therapy, a temporary improvement was observed during the first three days; however, new elements of the rash appeared a few days later. Following a diagnostic biopsy and direct immunofluorescence (DIF), the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was confirmed.
Conclusions. Bullous pemphigoid is a rare disease in the pediatric population. Nevertheless, delayed diagnosis and improper treatment strategies can lead to serious consequences. This case underscores the necessity of immunomorphological studies for definitive diagnosis.
The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from the child’s parents for the study and publication of the data.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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