Mycoplasma pneumonia in children: current aspects of diagnosis and treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2026.1(153).4050Keywords:
mycoplasma pneumonia, children, diagnostics, treatmentAbstract
The article is devoted to the current problem of pediatrics and infectology - mycoplasma pneumonia. The disease occurs in children of different ages, but most often in the age category of 5-9 years, accounting for from 4% to 40% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia in children. The coexistence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae with other infectious agents - viruses and bacteria - is common. The last outbreak of mycoplasma infection in the world began at the end of 2023, the infection is characterized by a more severe course, affecting both adults and children. The incidence of macrolide-refractory mycoplasma pneumonia is increasing significantly, especially in East Asian countries.
Aim - to present the clinical and paraclinical features of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, based on the generalization of data from literary sources of scientific and research platforms Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar.
The features of the course, approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of macrolide-refractory mycoplasma pneumonia, refractory mycoplasma pneumonia, corticosteroid-resistant mycoplasma pneumonia and pneumonia caused by mixed infection are considered. Treatment regimens are presented taking into account the pathogenesis of the disease, which is caused not only by the direct effect of the pathogen, but also by the immune response induced by it. When determining the recommendations, domestic clinical guidelines were taken into account.
Conclusions. The final decision on the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children in each specific case should be based on the totality of anamnesis data, clinical signs and symptoms, and the results of auxiliary research methods, which with a high degree of probability can ensure the selection of optimal starting therapy, predict the course of the disease and resolve the issue of the need for hospitalization.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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