Epigenetic influence on the development of atopic dermatitis in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2025.6(150).6369Keywords:
atopic dermatitis, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAAbstract
Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease, the pathogenesis of which is caused by mutations of genes encoding structural proteins of the epidermis, barrier enzymes, and their inhibitors. An important role is also played by genetic factors that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as the influence of environmental factors that cause the development of pathology.
The aim - to analyze modern scientific publications from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases covering the epigenetic mechanisms of atopic dermatitis development to identify the influence of DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA on the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as potential prospects for their use in the development of new ones.
Modern research emphasizes the importance of epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of this disease. The main mechanisms of epigenetic regulation are DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA activity. It has been established that the epigenetic profile of patients with atopic dermatitis differs significantly from that of healthy individuals. This applies to genes involved in the regulation of immune response and inflammation, in particular those that determine the balance between Th1- and Th2-dependent immune responses, as well as genes that ensure the functional integrity of the epidermal barrier.
The study of epigenetic mechanisms is a promising area for the development of new molecular classifications of atopic dermatitis and the introduction of personalized therapeutic approaches.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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