Necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants: the importance of risk factors in its development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2024.5(141).5559Keywords:
premature infants, necrotizing enterocolitis, risk factorsAbstract
Aim: to investigate the relationship between different risk factors and the neonatal development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
Material and methods. A prospective retrospective case-control study of premature infants with suspected of NEC in 2020-2021 was conducted. A total of 88 cases of preterm neonates with suspected NEC and 30 preterm neonates in the control group were identified and analyzed. NEC diagnosis was performed in 29 (32.5%) infants. The collected variables included pregnancy- and maternal-related risk factors, physical developmental indicators of infants, Apgar score, mechanical ventilation, mode and type of delivery, sex of infants. Statistical processing of indicators was carried out in the Windows SPSS20 system. Differences at p˂0.05 were considered reliable.
Results. A relationship between the number of pregnancies and NEC in preterm infants was found. The birth of a newborn from the 3rd-4th pregnancy increased the risk of NEC development (p=0.001). In babies whose diagnosis of NEC is not confirmed, the height was 38.9±0.5 sm (min 30, max 47); with a confirmed diagnosis of NEC, it was 41.2±0.7 cm (min 34, max 48) (p=0.019).
Conclusions. The factors recognized by this case-control study that increased the risk of neonatal NEC contained heterogeneity. There were no significant differences in terms of other maternal, pregnancy and neonatal risk factors in the development of NEC.
The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Azerbaijan Medical University. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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