Medical and social aspects of rational nutrition to support the health of Ukrainian teenagers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2024.138.125Keywords:
rational nutrition, adolescent children, health, medical aspects of rational nutrition, social aspects of rational nutritionAbstract
Preservation and strengthening of health and the formation of a healthy lifestyle of teenagers are urgent problems at the national level. To support the health of Ukrainian teenagers, it is important to investigate the medical and social aspects of nutrition. Rational nutrition of teenagers contributes not only to the preservation of health, but also to the development of a high level of vital activity. For a rational diet, you need to follow food ration, food regime, conditions of use and preparation of food. The correct diet is an important component of rational nutrition. The regime involves regular eating at certain hours at certain intervals, as well as the distribution of the daily ration according to energy value during the day. According to scientists, the basis of modern rational nutrition is made up of the achievements of three sciences: medicine, genetics, dietetics.
The aim - to conduct a systematic analysis of scientific sources regarding the medical and social aspects of the rational nutrition of Ukrainian teenagers and negative factors in nutrition that affect the state of health.
Scientific principles of rational nutrition should be aimed at improving the health of adolescents. Domestic doctors note that diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, peptic ulcer, constipation, cholecystitis), obesity, allergic and other diseases are the consequences of negative modern trends in nutrition. Seven basic elements of nutrition are necessary for the normal functioning of the body of a teenage child: water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins and trace elements. Rational nutrition should be complete in quantitative terms, that is, the energy value (calorie) of the daily ration should correspond to the body’s energy expenditure, taking into account the non-digestible part of the ration; follow a rational diet: the hours of eating should correspond to the body’s biological rhythms; the number of meals should be 5-6 times for children of different ages; the interval between meals should be 3-4 hours. The essence of the modern concept of balanced nutrition is that for the normal life of teenagers, it is necessary to ensure a certain norm of physiological needs in energy, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
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