Role of vitamin D in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2023.135.105Keywords:
juvenile idiopathic arthritis, vitamin D, disease activity, development riskAbstract
Considering the role of vitamin D in mineral metabolism and its extracellular effects, including immunomodulation with a tendency to suppress the immune response, there is significant interest in determining its role in developing autoimmune diseases, including juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Purpose - to determine the role of vitamin D in the development and course of JIA based on a systematic analysis of literature sources over the last 7 years. A search was conducted on PubMed for articles on the role of vitamin D in the development and course of JIA, using combinations of the following terms: “vitamin D” and “juvenile idiopathic arthritis”. The review included scientific publications with available full texts published from January 2017 to August 2023.
The analysis results showed significant variations in the level of 25(OH)D among patients with JIA, and the vitamin D status in the majority of JIA patients was not optimal. However, the percentage of patients with suboptimal levels and vitamin D deficiency, according to the majority of studies, was not more significant than in the general population. Nevertheless, a correlation was found between low 25(OH)D concentration and high activity of JIA. Additional vitamin D supplementation did not impact the reduction of JIA activity or the improvement of indicators of bone mineral density. However, some publications emphasize the positive effect of sun exposure in reducing the risk of JIA. Further research is needed to clarify the necessity of additional vitamin D supplementation involving a larger number of patients, standardization, selection of optimal doses, and treatment duration.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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