Clinical characteristics of children with persistent allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma sensitised to different molecules of house dust mite allergens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2023.135.52Keywords:
allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, house dust mites, allergy, children, clinic, molecular allergy diagnostics, immunoglobulin EAbstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease characterised by different frequency and severity of its course. It has been proven that sensitisation to individual molecules has a different impact on the development of allergy and its clinical manifestations. Modern methods of molecular allergy diagnostics make it possible to determine sensitisation to known and new allergen molecules, including new molecules of HDM - Der p 20 and Der p 21 - in a wide clinical practice.
The aim is to identify clinical and anamnestic features in children with AR, taking into account the current spectrum of sensitisation to CDP allergens, to assess the impact of individual (new) HDM allergens on the severity of AR.
Materials and methods. Clinical and anamnestic examination of 259 children aged 5-17 years with AR and with a combination of AR and asthma, who were sensitised to HDM allergens, was carried out.
Results. The Der p 21 molecule of HDM was more frequently detected in patients with severe AR (35.7%), whereas in children with mild, moderate AR and with a combination of AR and asthma - 21.3-26.2%, but there was no statistical significance in the detected changes. Sensitisation to the new Der p 20 HDM molecule was significantly more frequent in patients with moderate AR (χ2=13.11, p<0.05) compared with patients with mild AR (2.3%).
Conclusions. Sensitisation to the new molecule Der p 21 was prevalent in patients with severe AR; sensitisation to Der p 20 was more common in children with moderate and severe AR. Clinicians should consider the presence of sensitisation to new molecules in patients with AR as a possible criterion for predicting the severity of AR.
The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association. The protocol of scientific work was approved by the Commission on Bioethical Expertise and Ethics of Scientific Research of the Bogomolets National Medical University (Expert Opinion No. 139 of 26.11.2020) for all patients who participated in the study. The informed consent of patients (parents of children or their guardians) was obtained for the studies.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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