Heterotopia of the gastric mucosa in the esophagus among children (cases from practice)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2023.134.171Keywords:
heterotopia of the gastric mucosa, inlet patch, childrenAbstract
Heterotopia of the gastric mucosa (inlet patch) is an atypical placement of the gastric mucosa in the upper or middle parts of the esophagus, a congenital anomaly that occurs as a result of a violation of tissue differentiation at an early embryonic stage, approximately at 4th week of intrauterine development. Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper part of the esophagus is observed in adults in all age groups, its frequency ranges from 0.1% to 3.8%. The frequency of occurrence of this condition among children has been insufficiently studied.
Purpose - based on the analysis of clinical data, to familiarize doctors with cases of the inlet patch in the esophagus in children with recurrent dyspeptic and respiratory symptoms, regardless of the treatment.
Clinical cases. Cases of the inlet patch among adolescents with long-term dyspeptic and respiratory disorders are described. When conducting an endoscopic examination, the patients revealed spots of the inlet patch in the esophagus. Therefore, in patients with symptoms of upper esophageal dysphagia (lump in the throat, heartburn, sour taste, dysphagia, odynophagia, etc.), a gastroscopic examination should be performed especially carefully. The use of endoscopes with high resolution and electronic chronoscopy creates additional diagnostic possibilities when the іnlet patch is detected.
Conclusions. Heterotopic mucosa of the upper esophagus in childhood is diagnosed during fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy for dyspeptic and espiratory disorders. A diverse clinical picture in the presence of spots in the inlet patch of the esophagus is caused by the production of hydrochloric acid by heterotopic cells of the gastric mucosa. Despite having treated patients who have complaints of recurrent dyspeptic and respiratory symptoms, one should be alert for a possible inlet patch during endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of parents and children was obtained for the study.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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