Peculiarities of clinical course of Wilson's disease in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/SP.2021.116.6Keywords:
Wilson's disease, children, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, course of the diseaseAbstract
Purpose — to discover peculiarities of Wilson disease course in children dependently on the variant of liver affection.
Materials and methods. Anamnesis of the disease and clinical and paraclinical peculiarities of the course of the disease with consideration of liver affection severity have been studied in 50 children aged 5–17 years.
Results. It was estimated that in 52% of children the disease had a form of chronic hepatitis with minimal clinical symptoms, 44% of patients had liver cirrhosis with predominant signs of edematous and ascitic syndrome and 4% had fulminant hepatitis in a debut of the disease. Complicated family anamnesis was detected in 4% of patients. Syndrome of cytolysis predominated in patients with liver damage in the form of chronic hepatitis (р<0.05). Typical biochemical changes in cirrhotic patients were hepatocellular insufficiency with hypoalbuminemia and coagulopathy, hyperbilirubinemia and minimal hypertransaminasemia (р<0.05). Children with cirrhosis in contrast to patients with chronic hepatitis had reliably lower serum ceruloplasmin concentration and reliably higher excretion of copper with urine. Specific for Wilson disease Kayser—Fleischer rings were found out in 36% of patients only.
Conclusions. Wilson's disease in children is characterized by progressing course in the form of either chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis or, rarely, fulminant hepatitis. Clinical and paraclinical symptoms of the disease are estimated by the severity of liver affection and vary from a course with minimal symptoms in patients with chronic hepatitis to edematous and ascitic syndrome and hepatocellular insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis and fulminant hepatitis.
The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.
No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
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