Smoking as a risk factor for periodontal disease
Keywords:
smoking, cigarettes, tobacco, periodontal diseaseAbstract
A review of the literature on the mechanisms of periodontal disease under the influence of smoking. The data on the spread of the harmful habit of mankind — smoking both traditional cigarettes and alternative types of smoking — are analyzed. Smoking is the most common epidemic in the world. Today, cigarettes are considered drugs because with each cigarette burned, a person receives a certain dose of nicotine, which over time causes addiction and the development of addiction, the most common type of domestic addiction, which is a serious social and medical problem. In addition, back in 2002, tobacco smoke was officially declared a carcinogen that does not have a safe level of exposure to it. Active and passive smoking are equally harmful to the body, undermining a person's health and threatening his life. The oral cavity (RP) is the first barrier to tobacco smoke in the human body. The effect of smoking on the organs and tissues of the RP, as well as on the whole body, is primarily determined by the intensity and duration of chemical, physical and thermal action, as well as individual morphofunctional features oral mucosa (SORP). Smoking adversely affects the organs of RP, causing smoker+specific diseases such as cancer, Tappeiner's leukoplakia, smoker's melanosis, and deepens and promotes the progression of pre+existing dental diseases, such as periodontal tissue. It is established that there is a correlation between the intensity and experience of smoking and the occurrence and development of pathological changes in different organs and systems. The study of mechanisms of traditional and alternative types of smoking on periodontal tissues and SORP in adolescents and adolescents remains incomplete. In this regard, research aimed at clarifying the clinical features of the development and course of major dental diseases in smokers, especially adolescents and adolescents, as well as the search for effective treatment and prevention programs remain relevant. The study of the mechanisms of influence of traditional and alternative types of smoking on periodontal tissues and SORP in adolescents and adolescents remains incomplete. In this regard, research aimed at clarifying the clinical features of the development and course of major dental diseases in smokers, especially adolescents and adolescents, as well as the search for effective treatment and prevention programs remain relevant.
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