On the role of hereditary and environmental risk factors in the formation of osteoarthritis in adolescents

Abstract

Purpose — to identificate the negative factors of heredity and environment in families of adolescents with osteoarthritis (ОА).

Materials and methods. Pedigree analysis was conducted in 94 families of adolescents with ОА, of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 years, who were examined at the SI «ICAHC NAMS». The comparison group consisted of the pedigrees of 75 healthy peers without severe multifactorial pathology, which were examined at the institute.

Results. On the basis of genealogical analysis conducted in the families of adolescents with OA, negative perinatal and postnatal factors were identified. There was revealed family aggregation of multifactorial diseases in relatives of three degrees of kinship, namely, pathology of the musculoskeletal system, including ОА, cardiovascular system (hypertension, coronary heart disease, strokes, etc.), endocrine system (diabetes, thyroid disease, and obesity), gastrointestinal tract, oncopathology, etc. If there is osteoarthritis in relatives of sick adolescents, the risk of developing the disease increased by 21 times.

Conclusions. The analysis of the pedigrees carried out in the families of adolescents with OA has shown the significance of such indicators as the age of the mother up to 20 years, nephropathy and stimulation of childbirth in the mother of the sick teenager, artificial feeding of the child, occupation of the teenager in sports sections, family aggregation of joint diseases.

The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.